In this presentation I would like to present some fundamental definition of fluid dynamics and its types along with the heat transfer concept due to its wide range of industrial applications. All the flow and heat transfer models ae based upon momentum and energy equation, respectively. Since there are many working fluid at the industrial level which have poor thermal conductivity. So, based upon deficiency in heat transfer, nanoparticles are incorporated to enhance the thermal conductivity of working fluid. Various kind of nanofluids model are also under consideration. The expressions of nanofluid are related with the nanoparticles and base fluid, therefore five major characteristics are defined in the form of: density, dynamic viscosity, thermal expansion coefficient, specific heat and thermal conductivity. Even there are various kind of expressions for effective thermal conductivity, which are based upon shape of nanoparticles. All the said expression are incorporated with the momentum and energy equation of given fluid model. Since this model is in the form of coupled nonlinear system of differential equation, therefore solutions of these equations are determined by appropriate analytical or numerical technique. Now situation arises when the conditions are defined at the surface of the given model. These conditions must be arising in the various form, for instance: for cavity or channel or peristaltic motion (bounded domain) and on the other hand if conditions are defined for boundary layer phenomenon (semi-infinite domain). Results are obtained for velocity, temperature, skin friction and Nusselt number. Through results we can observed the behavior of both base fluid and nanofluid. Even results are comparable for various kind of effective thermal conductivities.